Sí keldu fyri Wuhan

{{Infobox settlement
|name                   = {{raise|0.2em|Wuhan}}
|official_name          = <!-- Official name in English if different from 'name' -->
|native_name            = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|武汉市}}}}}}
|other_name             = 
|settlement_type        = Undir-landslutabýur (Sub-provincial city)
|image_skyline          = Wuhan montage.png
|image_caption          = Frá ovast: Wuhan og [[Yangtze]]-áin, [[Yellow Crane Tower]], Wuhan Custom House og [[Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge]]
|nickname               =
|motto                  =
|image_map              = Wuhan_in_Hubei.png
|mapsize                =
|map_caption            = Staðseting av Wuhan City í Hubei
|pushpin_map            = China
|pushpin_label_position = bottom
|pushpin_mapsize        =
|pushpin_map_caption    = Staðseting í Kina
|coordinates            = {{coord|30|35|N|114|17|E|region:CN-42|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type       = Land
|subdivision_name       = Kina
|subdivision_type1      = Landslutur
|subdivision_type2      = Landseindir
|subdivision_type3      = Township eindir
|subdivision_type4      =
|subdivision_name1      = [[Hubei]]
|subdivision_name2      = 13
|subdivision_name3      = 153
|subdivision_name4      =
|established_title      = Býurin bygdur
|established_date       = 1500 á.Kr.
|established_title2     =  <!-- Incorporated (town) -->
|established_date2      =
|established_title3     =  <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
|established_date3      =
|government_footnotes   =
|government_type        =
|leader_title           = Floksskrivari
|leader_name            = [[Chen Yixin]]
|leader_title1          = Borgarstjóri
|leader_name1           = [[Wan Yong]] ({{lang|zh-hans|万勇}})
|unit_pref              =
|area_footnotes         =<ref name="yearbook">{{cite web|title=Wuhan Statistical Yearbook 2010|url=http://www.whtj.gov.cn/documents/tjnj2010.pdf|publisher=Wuhan Statistics Bureau|accessdate=July 31, 2011}}p. 15</ref>
|area_magnitude         =
|area_total_km2         = 8494.41
|area_land_km2          =
|area_water_km2         =
|area_water_percent     =
|elevation_footnotes    =  <!--for references: use<ref></ref> tags-->
|elevation_m            = 37
|elevation_ft           =121
|population_total               = 10,607,700
|population_as_of       = 2015
|population_density_km2         = auto
|population_note                = 2013
| demographics_type1 = Mál
| demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| demographics1_title1 = Mál
| demographics1_info1 = Wuhan málføri, Standard mandarin
|postal_code_type       = Postnummar
|postal_code            ='''4300'''00–'''4304'''00
|area_code              = 0027
|blank1_name_sec2 = 
|blank1_info_sec2 = 
|website                = {{URL|http://www.wuhan.gov.cn/}}
|timezone               = Kina Standard
|utc_offset             = +8
|blank_name             = GDP<ref name="GDP2010">{{cite web|title=武汉市2010年国民经济和社会发展统计公报|url=http://www.tjcn.org/tjgb/201103/18954.html|publisher=Wuhan Statistics Bureau|date=May 10, 2011|accessdate=July 31, 2011|archive-date=October 23, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023035033/http://www.tjcn.org/tjgb/201103/18954.html|dead-url=yes|archivedate=October 23, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023035033/http://www.tjcn.org/tjgb/201103/18954.html}}</ref> 
|blank_info             = 2016
|blank1_name            =&nbsp;- Total
|blank1_info            = [[CNY]] 1.19&nbsp;trillion<br/>USD 180&nbsp;billion ([[List of Chinese municipalities and prefecture-level cities by GDP|8th]])
|blank2_name            =&nbsp;- Per capita
|blank2_info            = CNY 119,000<br/>USD 18,030(nominal) 33000(ppp) ([[List of Chinese municipalities and prefecture-level divisions by GDP per capita|11th]])
|blank3_name            =&nbsp;- Growth
|blank3_info            = {{increase}} 8.5%
|blank4_name            = Nummarplátur
|blank4_info            ={{lang|zh-cn|鄂}}A<br/>{{lang|zh-cn|鄂}}O (løgregla og myndugleikar)
|blank2_name_sec2 = 
|blank2_info_sec2 = 
}}
{{Chinese
|pic=Wuhan_(Chinese_characters).svg
|piccap="Wuhan" við einføldum (ovast) og siðbundnum (niðast) kinesiskum bókstavum
|picupright=0.425
|w=Wu<sup>3</sup>-han<sup>4</sup>
|gr=Wuuhann
|bpmf=ㄨˇ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ㄏㄢˋ
|s=武汉
|t=武漢
|p=Wǔhàn
|mi={{IPAc-cmn|AUD|zh-Wuhan.ogg|wu|3|.|h|an|4}}
|suz=Vû-hǒe
|j=Mou<sup>5</sup>-hon<sup>3</sup>
|y=Móuh-hon
|ci={{IPAc-yue|m|ou|5|.|h|on|3}}
|poj=Bú-hàn
|order=st
|l="Wǔ[chāng] og Hàn[kǒu]"
}}
'''Wuhan'''<!--Chinese name and pinyin are already in the infobox--> ({{IPAc-cmn|AUD|zh-Wuhan.ogg|wu|3|.|h|an|4}}) er høvuðsstaður í [[Hubei]] landslutinum,<ref>{{cite web|title=Illuminating China's Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions|url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/43585.htm|publisher=PRC Central Government Official Website|accessdate=2014-05-17}}</ref> í Kina, og er tann fólkaríkasti býurin í Miðkina.<ref name="Focus on Wuhan, China">{{cite web |url=http://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/eng/document.jsp?did=96289&cid=512&oid=32 |title=Focus on Wuhan, China |publisher=The Canadian Trade Commissioner Service |accessdate=10. februar 2013 |archive-date=2013-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212120036/http://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/eng/document.jsp?did=96289&cid=512&oid=32 |dead-url=yes |archivedate=2013-12-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212120036/http://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/eng/document.jsp?did=96289&cid=512&oid=32 }}</ref> Býurin liggur í eystara parti av [[Jianghan-slættin|Jianghan-slættanum]] har ið [[Yangtze]] og [[Hanshui]] áirnar møtast. Býurin er ein samanrenning av trimum býum, ið eru vaksnir saman, [[Wuchang]], [[Hankou]] og [[Hanyang]]. Wuhan er kent sum "九省通衢" (jiǔshěng-tōngqú: teir nýggju landslutirnir' (í Kina) høvuðs ferðsluæðr)"; býurin er ein týðandi miðdepil fyri ferðing við fleiri jarnbreytum, vegum og akvegum ið ganga gjøgnum býin og binda hann saman við øðrum stórbýum. Orsakað av týdningarmiklu støðuni hjá býnum fyri ferðasambandi í Kina, so verður hann av og á nevndur "[[Chicago|the Chicago]] of China" í útlendskum keldum.<ref name="timemagazine">{{cite news |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,848985,00.html |title=Foreign News: On To Chicago |work=Time |accessdate=20. november 2011 |date=13. juni 1938 |archivedate=2012-01-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120105114835/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,848985,00.html |deadurl=yes }}</ref><ref name="Chicago is all over the place">{{cite news |url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2012-05-13/news/ct-talk-nato-chicago-0513-20120513_1_violent-crime-chicago-connection-south-america-s-chicago |title=Chicago is all over the place |publisher=Chicago Tribune |accessdate=May 22, 2012 |author=Jacob, Mark |date=May 13, 2012 |archivedate=May 11, 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511215253/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2012-05-13/news/ct-talk-nato-chicago-0513-20120513_1_violent-crime-chicago-connection-south-america-s-chicago |deadurl=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=中国中部事情：汉口 (Central China: Hankou) |publisher=Wuhan Press |author=水野幸吉 (Mizuno Kokichi) |year=2014 |pages=3 |isbn=9787543084612}}</ref>

Wuhan hevur sub-landslutastøðu (sub-provincial),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.docin.com/p-51864614.html  |title=中央机构编制委员会印发《关于副省级市若干问题的意见》的通知. 中编发[1995]5号 |publisher=豆丁网 |date=1995-02-19 |accessdate=2014-05-28}}</ref> og er viðurkendur sum miðdepil fyri politikk, búskap, mentan, útbúgving og ferðslu í Miðkina.<ref name="Focus on Wuhan, China"/> Býurin Wuhan fekk sítt navn í 1927. Fólkatalið er 10.607.700 per 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.cnhubei.com/xw/wuhan/201602/t3552237.shtml|title=武汉市去年净流入人口突破230万人_荆楚网|last=丁燕飞|website=news.cnhubei.com|access-date=2016-03-06}}</ref> Í 1920-árunum var Wuhan høvuðsstaður hjá vinstrasinnaðu [[Kuomintang]] (KMT) stjórnini ið varð stýrd av [[Wang Jingwei]] sum andstøða til [[Chiang Kai-shek]],<ref name="Remaking the Chinese City">{{cite book |title=Remaking the Chinese City: Modernity and National Identity, 1900-1950 |publisher=University of Hawaii Press |author=Stephen R. MacKinnon |authorlink=Wuhan's Search for Identity in the Republican Period |year=2002 |pages=161 |isbn=978-0824825188}}</ref> og var eisini høvuðsstaður undir krígnum í 1937.<ref name="AN AMERICAN IN CHINA: 1936-39 A Memoir">{{cite web |url=http://www.willysthomas.net/HankowInfo.htm |title=AN AMERICAN IN CHINA: 1936-39 A Memoir |accessdate=February 10, 2013}}</ref><ref name="Wuhan, 1938 ">{{cite book |title=Wuhan, 1938: War, Refugees, and the Making of Modern China |publisher=University of California Press |author= Stephen R. MacKinnon |pages=12 |isbn=978-0520254459}}</ref>

== Søga ==
Wuhan hevur eina 3.500 ára langa søgu og er ein av elstu og mest mentaðu stórbýum í Kina. Undir [[Han-ríkið|Han-ríkinum]], gjørdist Hanyang ein rættiliga týðandi havn. Veturin 208/9 hendi ein av kendastu bardøgunum í søgu Kina og ein týðandi hending í ''Søguni um tey trý kongsveldini''— Stríðið um Reyðu Bergini, ið fór fram í fjøllunum nærindis Wuhan. Um tað mundi blivu múrar bygdir fyri at verja Hanyang (206 e.Kr.) og Wuchang (223 e.Kr.).  Tann seinna hendingin markerar stovnanina av Wuhan. Í ár 223 varð [[Yellow Crane Tower]] (黄鹤楼) bygt á Wuchang-síðuni av Yangtze-ánni. [[Cui Hao]], ið var ein kendur yrkjari í [[Tang-ríkinum]], vitjaði bygningin fyrst í 8. øld. Yrking hansara gjørdi tornið til eitt av teimum kendastu í Suðurkina.<ref name="Wan1">Wan: Síða 42.</ref>

Seint í 19. øld vórðu jarnbreytir víðkaðar í norður-suður ás gjøgnum býin, og tað gjørdi býin til ein tíðandi miðdepil innan umskiping millum jarnbreytina og ferðslu eftir ánni. Tað var í hesum tíðarskeiðnum, at útlendskar kreftir fingu kontroll yvir handilsøki, har áarbakkin framvið Hankou varð býttur sundur í útlenskt-stýrd handilsøki. Á økinum vóru handilsskrivstovur, vøruhús, og atløgubryggjur.

== Keldur ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Commonscat}}

[[Bólkur:Býir í Kina]]